This study analyses the French cheese market, from milk collection to the cheesemonger's counter. It compares measures that cannot be added together: dairy production, household purchases, supermarket and hypermarket panels, out-of-home food service and foreign trade. In 2025, households bought 855 000 tonnes of cheese for 10,1 billion euros: volumes are stable, but the average price paid has risen by 18 % since 2021. The study describes the cheese families, the growth of mozzarella and cooking cheeses, and the protected designation of origin (PDO) sector, which pays more for milk without gaining volume. It presents the major private and cooperative dairy groups, their brands and strategies, against private labels, which account for 48,7 % of self-service sales. It analyses the decline of the cut-to-order counter, distribution channels, the economics of independent cheese shops and chains, and a trade surplus that has halved since 2013. Finally, it covers health regulations and raw-mil
