1.1 Definition and scope of study

No-code platforms are visual programming platforms that enable any user to build their own application, in the broadest sense of the term, with a simple drag-and-drop operation. These platforms make it possible to create websites, newsletters and forms in just a few clicks, thanks to highly visual and intuitive interfaces, without any notion of programming. In recent years, we've seen no-code tools gain in popularity as they meet a wide range of marketing needs: create a chatbot, scrape data, automate tasks and even design mobile applications - all without coding, of course. Some platforms even offer tools for designing your own no-code services, such as Bubble. But the principle remains the same, and has been for almost 50 years: a publisher provides a tool that enables a non-technical profileto easily create a solution that, at first glance, involves specific technical complexity.

The global market for no-code platforms is booming for several reasons. On the one hand, advances in computer technology are making programming more accessible to the general public. On the other hand, there is tension in the developer job market: companies are finding it hard to recruit, and salaries are high. no-code solutions offer a degree of independence to non-technical profiles, who often appreciate being able to "do things themselves", freeing themselves from the constraints inherent in organizations. These obstacles can be linked to the rigidity of companies, to interests that are not perfectly aligned between certain departments and management, or to uncertainties about the added value of a technical solution.

on a global scale, we can see that no-code platforms are becoming increasingly popular, driven by companies such as Airtable and Bubble. The amount invested in the US in low- and no-code startups has more than quadrupled in five years, from $114 million in 2014 to $529 million in 2019. Among them, Airtable ($170 million raised in total) used by WeWork in the management of its construction projects and Netflix for its video post-production stages.

Although the French no-code market was lagging behind the Anglo-Saxon markets, the fact remains that French companies are increasingly inclined to use these platforms, which are better suited to the needs of SMEs. The increase in the number of start-ups offering these solutions, such as Contournement and Ottho Tools, bears witness to the dynamism of the market.

1.2 A fast-growing global market

The global market for no-code platforms is booming. The following graph shows the evolution of the market size for low and no-code applications between **** and ****. In just * years, the market has jumped by **%. By ****, the market has grown by **% compared to ****.

What's more, thetotal for low and no-code technologies, not just ...

1.3 A high-potential national market

There is no market size for no-code platforms in France. Nor is it possible to estimate it from information on the sector to date. However, digital market figures are available in France, notably for software and cloud platform publishers, and they enable us to appreciate the strong development potential of no-code ...

2.1 Developers, the first target audience for no-code platforms

The main advantage of no-code platforms is the ability to "program" without any notion of programming. However, the emergence of these tools is not the beginning of the end for developers, many of whom use and appreciate no-code in their work. Indeed, no-code and code are not mutually exclusive, but rather ...

2.2 The digital transformation of companies: a major determinant of demand

The digitization of businesses is a major growth driver for no-code platforms, whose offerings are geared towards professionals and businesses (***) from French companies.aises, where **% estimate that the **** budget allocated to IT will increase, while this same budget was already on the rise in **** for **% of companies.

IT budget trends France, ...

3.1 A market that is expanding and deconcentrating

There are a multitude of no-code platforms in a variety of fields. The following table classifies them according to their field of application:

Although the above table is not an exhaustive ranking of no-code platforms, it does show the sheer number of players already on the market. Indeed, many players are ...

3.2 French production of no-code tools

French production of no-code tools is by no means non-existent, and some companies have managed to make a name for themselves. The following table lists the French players offering no-code tools (***) and their areas of expertise. Most of them are startups:

Pandasuite is probably the most widely used French no-code platform ...

3.3 Fundraising, a major factor in structuring the market

The companies making up the no-code market are mainly American start-ups. Indeed, the heavyweights of the market, including Bubble, Zapier, Aitable and Notion, are mostly based in the USA, particularly in Silicon Valley, the cradle of the tech industry. The French players, whether in no-code solutions (***), are also mostly statups or, ...

4.1 Offer price typology

The following table lists the various subscriptions and associated prices for the main players in the sector:

Source: ****

The business model of no-code companies is to offer freemium formulas. This is a business strategy in which a first, limited version of the application is available free of charge, to attract as ...

4.2 Supply trends

In France, the no-code offer extends to training, consulting and companies specialized in the use of no-code platforms in their customer services. The following table lists and classifies these French players:

With the emergence of no-code in France and its probable democratization, the number of training courses and companies using no-code ...

5.1 Regulations

Personal data security:

Initially, the French Data Protection Act of January *, **** provided a legal framework for the protection of personal data in France.

In the European Union, the General Data Protection Regulation (***).

Article * of the General Data Protection Regulation (***) states that "any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person ...

5.2 Regulations set to evolve in Europe

In the near future, no-code platforms and the software created from them could also be governed by :

ePrivacy Regulation, a European Union project aimed at strengthening citizens' online privacy by "governing all electronic communications on publicly available services and networks originating from individuals within the European Union"[***]. The regulation is due ...