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Summary and extracts
1 Market overview
1.1 Definition and scope of study
Day-care centers, officially known as "établissements d'accueil du jeune enfant" (EAJE), play an essential role in the care of young children, generally between the ages of 1 and 3. They offer parents a reliable alternative for childcare, helping them to reconcile their professional and personal lives.
In France, the EAJE landscape is particularly varied, based on a variety of management methods. These establishments can be run by associations, local authorities or even companies. There are two main types of crèches:
- public crèches, often run by municipalities
- private, for-profit crèches.
The latter, managed by private companies, are playing an increasingly important role in the childcare market .
Private ECECs fall into several categories, depending on their structure. These include
- multi-accueil crèches, which can accommodate children under flexible formulas
- company crèches, specially created for the employees of certain companies
- municipal crèches, delegated to a private provider as part of a public service contract (DSP)
- micro-crèches, which are smaller and cater for a limited number of children
Each type of facility meets specific needs and offers care arrangements tailored to the constraints of families.
Private crèches are financed by a variety of schemes, including
- prestation de service unique (PSU)
- prestation d'accueil du jeune enfant (PAJE), which enables families to benefit from subsidies to reduce the cost of childcare.
This phenomenon is prompting many private players to enter this booming market.
French players are innovating by diversifying their offer. Day-care centers offering original educational projects, whether centered on ecology, music or foreign languages, are attracting more and more parents.
In September 2024, Victor Castanet, who revealed the Orpéa scandal in 2022, released Les Ogres.In this book, he recounts the major structural dysfunctions present in today's crèches, including a shortage of childcare professionals, scandals, a lack of food for the children... revealing the failings of the system.
1.2 The French market has shown strong growth in recent years
Let's take a look at the size of the crèche market in France.
By ****, crèches are expected to generate sales of almost *.* billion euros , and this figure is rising steadily, as the graph below shows.
Size of the private daycare market France, ****-****, millions of euros Source: ****
The first ...
1.3. The different types of crèches in France
Since the early ****s, a new type of crèche has emerged in France, competing with public crèches.
In France, crèches can be divided into three main categories:
public crèches private crèches community crèches
Below is a breakdown of crèches in France, according to the ...
2 Demand analysis
2.1 Demand still outstrips supply
a falling birth rate in France and a consequent drop in the number of potential day-nursery customers
In ****, the number of births in France will continue to fall, with only ***,*** new births recorded, a drop of almost *% compared to ****.
Number of births in France France, ****-****, in thousands Source: ****
In addition, ...
2.2 Day-care centers: in vogue
Let's take a look at the breakdown between different types of childcare in ****. We can see that the majority of children will still be looked after by their families (***).
Breakdown of childcare options in France in **** France, ****, % of total Source: ****
According to an IPSOS survey, for the majority of French people, ...
2.3. Sociological analysis of parents who send their children to crèches
The graph below shows that there is a real social disparity in access to crèches in France.
Analysis of occupation of parents of children in day-care centers France, ****, in Source: ****
We can see that the majority of children come from managerial or white-collar families, with nearly **% between them.
We can ...
2.4. Day-nursery satisfaction marred by scandals
Parents' satisfaction with crèches
Parents' confidence in crèches remains very high, despite the shortage of professionals. **% are very satisfied.
Level of confidence (***) when leaving your child at a crèche France, ****, in Source: ****
Similarly, parents continue to appreciate the professional teams. However, more than * out of * parents give them ...
3 Market structure
3.1 Types of financing
Let's take a look at the value chain in the nursery market.
Source: ****
Municipal crèches under public service delegation (***) ;
These are traditional neighborhood crèches, operated by a private player on behalf of a local authority. This is possible within the framework of a public service delegation (***) for operations. For ...
3.2 Childcare financing methods
How is a crèche financed?
In France, the financing of day-care centers is quite complex. In fact, it combines funding from families, reservation employers and a number of public bodies: CNAF (***), the State and local authorities. The aim of this section is therefore to provide an overview of the different ...
3.3 A structural weakness: a lack of professionals
Let's begin by analyzing the breakdown of professionals by position.
Breakdown of training courses for nursery managers France, ****, in Source: ****
We can divide ECEC staff into two categories:
Category * qualified staff Staff with a qualification defined by decree
Within an EAJE, at least **% of the staff responsible for supervising children must ...
4 Offer analysis
4.1 Supply typology: between concentration and the desire to diversify
The private day nursery market in France is highly concentrated. Only * major crèche groups share the market in France:
The Babilou group: network of almost *,*** establishments throughout France, present in ** countries. The Grandir - Les Petits Chaperons Rouges group: manages *** establishments, with an international presence (***). La Maison Bleue group: manages ...
4.2 Price typology
The rate is regulated by the CAF, so the Babilou website offers a price simulator that gives us the following table of prices in ****.
Source: ****
The formula used is as follows
(***)
Example: If a family has * children, a net monthly income of €*,*** and would like to have their child looked ...
4.3 Trends in nursery provision in France
Decline in overall supply, but increase in the ECEC sector
There has been a decline in the total number of places for all formal childcare options, as shown in the graph below.
Trend in total number of places in formal childcare facilities France, ****, in millions Source: ****
At the same time, however, ...
5 Regulations
5.1 Legal framework and standards
Quality standards
An EAJE can only be managed by a doctor, a nursery nurse with * years' experience, or an early childhood educator with * years' experience in structures with fewer than ** places.
If an EAJE has more than ** places, an early childhood educator is mandatory.
If an EAJE exceeds ** places, a sub-directorate ...
5.2 Decree of August 30, 2021 on childcare assistants and childcare establishments
The French Secretary of State for Children and Families, Adrien Taquet, has published the texts of the **** reform of childcare arrangements, known as NORMA.
These texts propose limits at national level for the following elements :
the number of micro-crèche places (***) attendance times for the various players (***) mandatory mentions in facility ...
6 Positioning the players
6.1 Segmentation
- Grandir Groupe -Les petits chaperons rouges
- Babilou Groupe
- Crèche Attitude Liveli (Sodexo)
- People and Baby (Holding)
- La Maison Bleue
- Léa et Léo
- Les P'tits Babadins
- Rigolo Comme La Vie
- Les Petites Canailles
- Zazzen
- Tom & Josette
- Croc La Vie
- Cap Enfants
- O P'tit Môme
- Callihop
- Kangourou Kids
List of charts presented in this market study
- Number of places offered by private day-care centers
- Size of the private daycare market
- Breakdown of different types of childcare in France in 2021
- The transition to crèche: an essential stage in a child's development
- Change in the number of children under 3 years old attending day care centers on weekdays
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the market for private nurseries | France
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