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  • Number of pages : 30 pages
  • Format : Digital and PDF versions
  • Last update : 03/05/2021
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Summary and extracts

1 Visão geral do mercado

1.1 Introdução

O energia geotérmica é o uso do calor natural do solos ou lençóis freáticos como meio de aquecimento ou produção de electricidade ( elétrico principalmente). Os coletores são enterrados, conectados a uma caldeira para gerar calor constante para aquecer uma casa no inverno e resfriá-la no verão. A temperatura do solo está, por exemplo, a uma profundidade de 60 cm, constantemente a 14°. É também necessário diferenciar entre vários tipos de exploração geotérmica: energia geotérmica rasa a baixa temperatura, energia geotérmica profunda a alta temperatura e energia geotérmica muito profunda a alta temperatura. Há também alta energia, baixa energia e energia geotérmica de muito baixa energia.

A energia geotérmica fornece menos de 4% da produção de calor na França e 5% da produção de electricidade . O potencial de produção de energia geotérmica em França é superior a 3.000 MW de electricidade geotérmica, o que é um número significativo. Este mercado reúne cerca de uma centena de empresas em França e mais de 15.000 empregos em empresas energéticas, mas também em especialistas em geotermia.

Apesar dos créditos fiscais, o mercado geotérmico é lento a decolar no residencial . Grandes projectos colectivos estão contudo em preparação, particularmente na região da Ilha de França, onde um programa de aquecimento geotérmico deverá permitir que 500.000 pessoas possam ser aquecidas até 2020. O mercado geotérmico caiu 7% no segmento das bombas de calor em 2017, mas a recuperação do novo mercado de habitação poderia impulsionar este segmento de mercado nos próximos anos.

A queda significativa do crédito fiscal e a relativa complexidade técnica de uma instalação geotérmica explicam a relativa morosidade deste mercado. A EDF e a GDF/Suez oferecem serviços de instalação através de uma rede de empreiteiros de aquecimento mas não dispõem de estruturas internas dedicadas.

List of charts

  • Geothermal energy production in the sustainable development scenario
  • Main countries producing geothermal electricity
  • Sales by renewable heat sector
  • Primary production of geothermal energy
  • Renewable energy consumption by sector
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Latest news

Service stations: TotalEnergies finalizes agreement with Couche-Tard for 3.4 billion euros - 04/01/2024
  • Assets acquired by Couche-Tard: 100% of TotalEnergies service stations in Germany (1191 stations) and the Netherlands (378 stations).
  • Joint venture in Belgium and Luxembourg: TotalEnergies (40%) and Couche-Tard (60%) to operate 606 service stations.
  • Supply by TotalEnergies for at least five years.
  • TotalEnergies has already sold its service station networks in Italy, Switzerland and the UK since 2015.
Service stations: TotalEnergies finalizes agreement with Couche-Tard - 04/01/2024
  • Sale of service stations by TotalEnergies to the Couche-Tard group: 3.4 billion euros
  • Total number of retail sites acquired by the Quebec group: 2,175
    • In Germany: 1,191 -
    • Belgium: 562
    • Netherlands: 378 -
    • Luxembourg: 44
  • TotalEnergies will retain 40% of the assets in Belgium and Luxembourg, which will be managed as a joint venture
  • TotalEnergies will supply these service stations for at least 5 years
  • The Canadian retail, food and fuel group Couche-Tard operates over 16,700 stores in 29 countries and employs over 150,000 people worldwide
Engie New Ventures bets on Upstream Tech, a start-up specializing in water management - 16/12/2023
  • Creation of ENGIE New Ventures (ENV): 2014
  • Total amount invested by ENV: Over 250 million euros
  • ENV investment areas from 2020: Biogas, hydrogen, renewable energies and decarbonization
  • Upstream Tech creation date: 2016
  • Upstream Tech headquarters: Massachusetts, USA
  • Number of Upstream Tech employees: Around 30
  • Power of ENGIE's hydroelectric fleet worldwide: 18 gigawatts, equivalent to 18 nuclear reactors.
TotalEnergies raids Station F for start-ups - 12/12/2023
  • TotalEnergies has acquired four start-ups from its electricity gas pedal for a total of several tens of millions of euros: Dsflow, NASH Renewables, Predictive Layer and Time2plug.
  • Dsflow, founded in 2020, offers a software solution for large multi-site electricity consumers.
  • NASH Renewables is a German start-up offering a platform for optimizing renewable energy projects in Western Europe.
  • Predictive Layer is a Swiss start-up specializing in machine learning and artificial intelligence solutions.
  • TotalEnergies has acquired a 56% stake in Time2plug, a French start-up that installs charging stations at business sites in France.
  • Together, these four start-ups employ around fifty people.
  • In September, TotalEnergies also acquired Ombrea, a specialist in agrivoltaics.
TotalEnergies acquires 3 gas-fired power plants in Texas - 13/11/2023
  • Purchase price: $635 million
  • Power plant capacity: 1.5 gigawatts (GW)
  • Size of ERCOT electricity market (Texas grid): 26 million customers
  • TotalEnergies' gross installed renewable generation capacity in Texas prior to acquisition: 2 GW
  • TotalEnergies Texas renewable generation capacity under construction: 2 GW
  • TotalEnergies' renewable generation capacity in Texas under development: over 3 GW
TotalEnergies, gas takes precedence over oil - 27/10/2023

By 2030, gas should generate 50% of TotalEnergies' revenues, compared with 40% in 2020. TotalEnergies acquired Engie's upstream assets for $1.5 billion six years ago. LNG generated $11.2 billion in operating income for TotalEnergies last year. The internal rate of return on LNG projects is expected to eventually reach 15%. The rate of return for oil is 20%. The rate of return for renewables is currently 10%, with an eventual target of 12%. Two strategic projects for TotalEnergies, in Mozambique and Papua New Guinea, are expected to generate an additional 5 million tonnes of LNG per year from 2028, or around 8% of their current worldwide production.

Companies quoted in this study

This study contains a complete overview of the companies in the market, with the latest figures and news for each company. :

BDR Thermea (De Dietrich, Remea, Baxi)
Engie
Tryba Energies (Groupe Tryba)
Euro énergies (Poujoulat Groupe)
TLS Geothermics
Gaz de Ferme
Total Energies

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