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  • Number of pages : 30 pages
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  • Last update : 03/05/2021
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1 Panoramica del mercato

1.1 Introduzione

Il energia geotermica è l'uso del calore naturale del suoli o tavole d'acqua come mezzo di riscaldamento o generazione di energia ( elettrico principalmente). I collettori sono interrati, collegati a una caldaia per generare calore costante per riscaldare una casa in inverno e raffreddarla in estate. La temperatura del suolo è, per esempio, ad una profondità di 60 cm, costantemente a 14°. È anche necessario distinguere tra diversi tipi di sfruttamento geotermico: energia geotermica superficiale a bassa temperatura, energia geotermica profonda ad alta temperatura e energia geotermica molto profonda ad alta temperatura. Esiste anche l'energia geotermica ad alta energia, a bassa energia e a bassissima energia.

L'energia geotermica fornisce meno di 4% della produzione di calore in Francia e 5% della produzione di elettricità . Il potenziale della Francia per la produzione di energia geotermica è più di 3.000 MW di elettricità geotermica, che è una cifra significativa. Questo mercato raccoglie un centinaio di aziende in Francia e più di 15.000 posti di lavoro in aziende energetiche ma anche in specialisti della geotermia.

Nonostante i crediti d'imposta, il mercato geotermico è lento a decollare nel residenziale . Grandi progetti collettivi sono comunque in preparazione, in particolare nella regione dell'Ile de France dove un programma di riscaldamento geotermico dovrebbe permettere di riscaldare 500.000 persone entro il 2020. Il mercato geotermico è sceso del 7% nel segmento delle pompe di calore nel 2017, ma la ripresa del nuovo mercato immobiliare potrebbe dare impulso a questo segmento di mercato nei prossimi anni.

Il calo significativo del credito d'imposta e la relativa complessità tecnica di un'installazione geotermica spiegano la relativa lentezza di questo mercato. EDF e GDF/Suez offrono servizi di installazione attraverso una rete di appaltatori di riscaldamento, ma non hanno strutture interne dedicate.

List of charts

  • Geothermal energy production in the sustainable development scenario
  • Main countries producing geothermal electricity
  • Sales by renewable heat sector
  • Primary production of geothermal energy
  • Renewable energy consumption by sector
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Latest news

Service stations: TotalEnergies finalizes agreement with Couche-Tard for 3.4 billion euros - 04/01/2024
  • Assets acquired by Couche-Tard: 100% of TotalEnergies service stations in Germany (1191 stations) and the Netherlands (378 stations).
  • Joint venture in Belgium and Luxembourg: TotalEnergies (40%) and Couche-Tard (60%) to operate 606 service stations.
  • Supply by TotalEnergies for at least five years.
  • TotalEnergies has already sold its service station networks in Italy, Switzerland and the UK since 2015.
Service stations: TotalEnergies finalizes agreement with Couche-Tard - 04/01/2024
  • Sale of service stations by TotalEnergies to the Couche-Tard group: 3.4 billion euros
  • Total number of retail sites acquired by the Quebec group: 2,175
    • In Germany: 1,191 -
    • Belgium: 562
    • Netherlands: 378 -
    • Luxembourg: 44
  • TotalEnergies will retain 40% of the assets in Belgium and Luxembourg, which will be managed as a joint venture
  • TotalEnergies will supply these service stations for at least 5 years
  • The Canadian retail, food and fuel group Couche-Tard operates over 16,700 stores in 29 countries and employs over 150,000 people worldwide
Engie New Ventures bets on Upstream Tech, a start-up specializing in water management - 16/12/2023
  • Creation of ENGIE New Ventures (ENV): 2014
  • Total amount invested by ENV: Over 250 million euros
  • ENV investment areas from 2020: Biogas, hydrogen, renewable energies and decarbonization
  • Upstream Tech creation date: 2016
  • Upstream Tech headquarters: Massachusetts, USA
  • Number of Upstream Tech employees: Around 30
  • Power of ENGIE's hydroelectric fleet worldwide: 18 gigawatts, equivalent to 18 nuclear reactors.
TotalEnergies raids Station F for start-ups - 12/12/2023
  • TotalEnergies has acquired four start-ups from its electricity gas pedal for a total of several tens of millions of euros: Dsflow, NASH Renewables, Predictive Layer and Time2plug.
  • Dsflow, founded in 2020, offers a software solution for large multi-site electricity consumers.
  • NASH Renewables is a German start-up offering a platform for optimizing renewable energy projects in Western Europe.
  • Predictive Layer is a Swiss start-up specializing in machine learning and artificial intelligence solutions.
  • TotalEnergies has acquired a 56% stake in Time2plug, a French start-up that installs charging stations at business sites in France.
  • Together, these four start-ups employ around fifty people.
  • In September, TotalEnergies also acquired Ombrea, a specialist in agrivoltaics.
TotalEnergies acquires 3 gas-fired power plants in Texas - 13/11/2023
  • Purchase price: $635 million
  • Power plant capacity: 1.5 gigawatts (GW)
  • Size of ERCOT electricity market (Texas grid): 26 million customers
  • TotalEnergies' gross installed renewable generation capacity in Texas prior to acquisition: 2 GW
  • TotalEnergies Texas renewable generation capacity under construction: 2 GW
  • TotalEnergies' renewable generation capacity in Texas under development: over 3 GW
TotalEnergies, gas takes precedence over oil - 27/10/2023

By 2030, gas should generate 50% of TotalEnergies' revenues, compared with 40% in 2020. TotalEnergies acquired Engie's upstream assets for $1.5 billion six years ago. LNG generated $11.2 billion in operating income for TotalEnergies last year. The internal rate of return on LNG projects is expected to eventually reach 15%. The rate of return for oil is 20%. The rate of return for renewables is currently 10%, with an eventual target of 12%. Two strategic projects for TotalEnergies, in Mozambique and Papua New Guinea, are expected to generate an additional 5 million tonnes of LNG per year from 2028, or around 8% of their current worldwide production.

Companies quoted in this study

This study contains a complete overview of the companies in the market, with the latest figures and news for each company. :

BDR Thermea (De Dietrich, Remea, Baxi)
Engie
Tryba Energies (Groupe Tryba)
Euro énergies (Poujoulat Groupe)
TLS Geothermics
Gaz de Ferme
Total Energies

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